Is Bankruptcy Worse Than Foreclosure?

For any individual considering filing for bankruptcy, a key concern is of course what is the long term impact on your financial life of bankruptcy. One of the major issues some people are worried about is home foreclosure, and specifically which will be worse for them and their credit score, foreclosure or bankruptcy. But bankruptcy and foreclosure will impact your credit score differently, and are two different processes, so it's not easy to compare apples to apples. Here is how you might approach making a decision.

A foreclosure is based on the mortgage loan you used to pay for the house, so it is mainly just like another type of secured loan, just like a car loan for example. If you are unable to pay your loan payments, the lender who is secured by your property, the has the right to repossess, or foreclose, on your home and use the funds from a sale to pay the debt you owe. As with failure to pay a car loan, a foreclosure is bad for your overall credit score, and will bring down your score significantly.

When considering bankruptcy however, this is a different situation. Bankruptcy allows you to eliminate or repay multiple debts or set up a repayment plan. Credit reporting agencies won't tell which is worse for your credit, a foreclosure or bankruptcy, but if you're in a bad enough position to file bankruptcy, it's likely your credit is already pretty bad. Thus a bankruptcy likely won't result in much lower of a credit score.

Yet here are the big issues to consider before making a decision. If you still haven't been foreclosed on by your lender, and you decide to file bankruptcy, remember that you can still lose your house to a sale because the mortgage lender is able to ask the bankruptcy court to allow a sale in order to pay your debt. A sale would more likely occur in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy, where most of your debt is discharged, while in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy you set up a payment plan that might allow you the chance to keep your home by making payments. Using a Chapter 13 bankruptcy could thus help you avoid foreclosure.

When it comes to your credit score, while a bankruptcy might not lower your credit score number drastically if it was already low, the fact of the bankruptcy will remain on your credit report for ten years. So, while in five years, for example, you could have a better credit score, a lender will still see that you filed bankruptcy five years ago, and turn down your applications for credit. Foreclosure is like any other repossession, and stays on your report for seven years, but after a few years you can qualify again for credit. You can see that credit score alone is not the only thing you need to consider when making a choice between bankruptcy and foreclosure.

Before choosing foreclosure or bankruptcy, it's best to talk to a bankruptcy attorney and also a non-profit credit counseling agency. These individuals can help you determine how your debt, income and expenses will play out in either instance. For some people, it's more important to protect their credit score; for others, it's necessary to use bankruptcy to start over cleanly. If you'd rather save your home, you ay not care about your credit score. Talk to a professional to find out more before taking any steps.